民法上的善意、恶意及其运用

BONA FILES AND MALA FILES IN CIVIL LAW AND THEIR APPLICATION

善意和恶意作为表示行为人主观心理状态的民法学范畴．国内论著少有涉及。本文从分析善意和恶意的概念入手．提出自己关于善意、恶意的概念．并初步确立了善意和恶意的认定标准。在对善意与无过错、恶意和过错的比较分析的基础上．本文认为善意和无过错本质是一致的，但存在细微差别；故意和重大过失可以构成恶意．轻过失和轻微过失不构成恶意，其中也试图对过失进一步区分并提出区分标准。最后，本文对善意和恶意在民法上的具体运用作了一些列举，诸如：善意占有和恶意占有、善意添附和恶意添附、善意第三人和恶意第三人、善意出卖人和恶意出卖人、善意侵害名誉权和恶意侵害名誉权等。

As a couple categories in the science of civil law,Bona fides and Mala files are used to demonsorate the actor's subjective state of mind, the domestic works are short of diseusslng about it. This essay begins with analysing the concept of Bona files and Mala files.puts forward its opinion about it and cirterion of judgement. On the basis of comparative analysis ou Bona fides and No fault,Mala fides and fault,this essay holds that Bona fides and No fault are consistent in essence with a few fine distinction; Aolus and Culpa lata can formMala fides, but culpa levis and culpa levissima can't. At last, author lists several applications of Bona fides and Mala fides in civil law .such as Bona fides third party and Mala fides third party. Bona fides possession and Mala fides possession.