哈萨克斯坦的对外政策和国家安全战略

Kazakhstan: Foreign Policy and the Strategy of Its National Security

一、哈萨克斯坦是地跨欧亚大陆新的地区“力量中心”苏联解体和新的国际关系主体的出现,使二次大战后形成的地缘政治体系发生了结构性变化,改变了地球心脏——欧亚大陆的政治版图。在欧亚相连的空间地带出现了新的地理政治实体。哈萨克斯坦是地跨欧亚大陆的新的地区“力量中心”。其潜力在于它有辽阔的领土,极丰富的自然资源,发达的工业和农业,位于欧亚接合部的有利地理位置。在现代条件下,拥有强大的武装力量绝不是地区“力量中心”的必要特征。

An international symposium, entitled 'China and Central Asia: Cooperation and Development', was held in Beijing on August 9-10 this year by China Institute of Contemporary International Relations. At the symposium, Kasenov, director of Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, delivered an important Speech. Kasenov held that Kazakhstan was the 'power center' of the new region across Eurasia. According to Kasenov. Kazakhstan's foreign policy is that Kazakhstan develops its relations with every country of the world based on the principle of concentric circles: The first circle is to establish the 'special relations' with Russia; The second is to develop the relations with the other four countries of Central Asia; The third is to establish the 'friendly relations' with the ten countries such as the countries of Central Asia, Turkey, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan and Azerbaijan, so as to get access to South Asia, Southeast Asia, Arabian countries and Western Europe; The fourth is to install good-neighborly relations with China in order to gain the sea-lane to the Asia-Pacific region; The fifth is to try to get economic aid, advanced technology and experiences from Japan, Western Europe and America. Kazakhstan's strategy of national security is not to display 'equilibrium of power', but to keep 'equilibrium of interests'. Instead of uniting one country against another, it is to carry on good-neighborly and all-sided cooperation with all neighboring countries thre(?) political means. Under contemporary conditions, economic diplomacy is more effective than military affairs. It needs to achieve economic benefits by means of foreign policy, and, on the other hand. to realize the aim of foreign policy by economic lever. This is so-called politico-economic dialectics that each country enforces on the international stage.