1993年西方的经济形势及其影响

The Economic Situation in the West in 1993 and Its Impact

一 1993年是克林顿政府企图“重振”美国经济,“欧洲统一大市场”开始正式运转,日本政府更迭、谋求摆脱经济衰退的一年;美国经济略有起色,日本经济萎迷不振,欧共体经济更加恶化,西方各国经济发展不平衡,而且生产和流通领域问题不少、难以解决,形势相当严峻的一年。 (一)低速增长持续发展。据国际货币基金组织发表的《世界经济展望》报告,西方国家1993年的经济增长率仅1.1%,较去年的1.7%还要低。这样,自1990年以来西方经济增长处于很低水平的局面已持续近4年之久,这是战后以来西方经济发展史中罕见的现象。

This year, the American economy has begun to pick up a little, while the Japanese economy is still dispirited and the EEC economy further aggravating. On the whole, there are lots of problems in the fields of production and circulation: the continuation of slow growth, the deterioration of employment conditions, the complication and changeability of the financial situation and the agitation caused by the merges of enterprises. The reasons for the sustaining depression of the Western economy are: (1) the development of the economic circle of each country did not synchronize; (2) the adjustment of industrial structure is extremely difficult; (3) the rearrangements of debts led to the shrinkage of currency; (4) the shatter of the 'bubble' economy undermined Japan's vitality; (5) the high economic price of the unification of Germany has brought about the negative effects. The recession in the West has produced profound influences on the political situation of each Western country, which has led to the decline of the ruling parties' position. Some of the leaders had fallen out of power. The economic frictions between the great powers became more and more fierce, whereas the diplomatic relations between them became more and more complex. Moreover, the U. S. and the European countries are vying with each other in pursuing the 'economic diplomacy' in the Asian 鈥?Pacific region in order to find a new way out.