辨证法是主观的还是客观的——驳西方批评者对恩格斯自然辯证法的责难

Is Dialectics Subjective or Objective?——A Comment on Western Scholars' Censure of Engels

一些西方学者为了否定马克思主义的辩证唯物主义,对恩格斯的自然辩证法理论提出种种的批评和责难。从卢卡奇开始到后来的法兰克福学派和其他的新马克思主义者,都从不同的方面批评,责难和否定自然辩证法。不管他们的“理由”有多少条,但是归结起来只有一条,就是认为辩证法是主观的,辩证法不能离开人和人的活动,所以,辩证法只能是一种社会关系,客观自然界本身无辩证法可言。

This essay makes a study of Engels' ideas of dialectics; proposes the unity of opposites in the relationship between objective and subjective dialectics, natural and historical dialectics and autonomous nature and humanized nature; formulates the objectivity and universality of dialectics; refutes the neo-Marxist distortion of and challenge to Engels' ideas of dialectics; criticizes the fabrication of the myth of 'the opposition between Marx and Eegels'; and defends Marxist materialist dialectics.