试论辽金两代体育的民族文化特征

The Ethnic Cultural Characteristics of Sports in the Liao and Jin Dynasties

主要用资料研究法,以契丹人和女真人所建立的辽、金两代王朝的体育史料为素材,揭示了我国北方一些曾“入主中原”的少数民族的体育内容存在着注重民族传统、军事武艺和向中原先进民族学习与借鉴三种文化特征。从而指出它不同于边境地区的其他少数民族,也不同于中原农业地区的民族。结论是,在研究少数民族体育中不可忽视如下几个要点:可变性、融合性和阶级性。

Based on literature research of the historical data of sports in the Liao and Jin Dynasties set up by the Qidan and Nuzhen ethnic groups respectively, it is indicated that the sports of these two north China minority nationalities, which had once governed the broad central area of the country,had three cultural characteristics:traditions of these nationalities,emphasis on martial arts,and learning and absorbing experience from the developed ethnic groups in the central area. With these characteristics these two minority nationalities were different from the other minority ethnic groups living in central agricultural areas in terms of sports. It is concluded that while studying the sports of minority nationalities, attention should be paid to the following key points:their variability,assimilability,and class nature.