对我国速滑运动员特质焦虑和状态的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Trait-and State-Anxiety of Chinese Speed Skaters

采用美国心理学家斯皮伯格的状态—特质焦虑调查表,对我国42名速滑运动员的特质焦虑和状态焦虑进行了初步研究。经T检验、方差分析、多重比较表明,男女速滑运动员的临赛状态焦虑与特质焦虑相比,前者明显上升。男女运动员相比没有差异,但男女不同等级运动员间,状态焦虑的上升幅度随运动员等级的升高而降低。研究结果对如何控制和调节运动员的焦虑水平可提供重要的参数。

Trait anxiety and state anxiey of 42 Chinese speed skaters were studied with the Trait-State Anxiety Table by Spitlberger,a psychologist of the United States. It was revealed that in comparison with trait anxiety,state anxiety of both male and female skaters just before competition was significantly increased. It was also found that the higher the skater' s skills, the lower the state anxiety of the skater,and there was little anxiety difference between male and female skaters. The result of this study has provided important parameters for the control and adjustment of skater' s anxieth.