中国南方隋唐墓的分区分期

REGIONALIZATION AND PERIODIZATION OF SUI-TANG TOMBS IN SOUTHERN CHINA

本文的"中国南方",指长江流域及其以南地区的四川、湖北、湖南、江西、江苏、浙江、福建、广东等省和广西壮族自治区。这片南方地区的隋唐墓资料已积累不少,而且有同志做了一些综合性的整理和研究,也有同志对某一省墓葬中出土的陶瓷器做了专题整理和研究。本文拟在前人研究的基础上,以1989年年底之前公开发表的材料为依据,对南方隋唐墓的分区、分期问题试做初步的论述。

The present paper deals with the regionalization and periodization of all tombs of the Sui and Tang periods in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, southern China that were excavated and published until the end of 1989. In space, these tombs, on the basis of differences and similarities in plan, wall decoration and funeral objects, can roughly be divided into the Upper Yangtze, Middle Yangtze, Ganjiang River, Lower Yangtze, Fujian and Lingnan(area south of Five Ridges) regions. In time, the tombs of both the Upper Yangtze and Ganjiang River regions, on the basis of differences and similarities in tomb shape as well as in the number and form of funeral objects, fall under three periods; those of both the Fujian and Lingnan regions, four periods; those of the Lower Yangtze, five periods; and those of the Middle Yangtze, six periods. The above-mentloned six regions are closely related to dao provinces of the Tang period but aren't restricted within their limits. Although these regions differ distinctly from each other, no hard and fast line can be drawn between them as some similarities still show their connexion. Their relation to the Central Plains also can't be discribed simply as contact because there exist penetrative links. For example, some aristocratic tombs were constructed directly after the institution prevailing in the Central Plains; a few tombs were built with introduction of practices from the Central Plains that were transformed in local circumstances and merged into local customs; and a number of tombs contain, among funeral objects, ceramics imported as commercial goods made in the north of the Central Plains. The emergence of these phenomena must have been related to the political unity and economic flourish during the Sui and Tang periods.