《新菩萨经》《劝善经》《救诸众生苦难经》校录及其流传背景之探讨

Callation and Study of Three Buddhist Sutras and Their Background Characteristics of Times

《新菩萨经》、《劝善经》、《救诸众生苦难经》,除日本《大正藏》85卷《疑似部》收录外,其它各藏均未见收录。李证刚纂《敦煌石室经卷中末入藏经论著述目录·附疑伪外道目录》亦收,同书中共列同类7种,李氏评论“以上七种文义舛谬,皆伪类”。方广錩先生亦将其归进疑伪经类。

There are about one hundred pieces of 'New Bodhisattva Sutra' in Dunhuang Mss, which were divided into three kinds of copies. About 60 pieces of 'Advising the People to Do Good work Sutra' and 50 pieces of 'Helping the People in Distress Sutra' are extant in Dunhuang MSS. The three kinds of sutras are similar in contents only different in detailed extent and the order of the records of the events. They all taught people that they could avert a disaster only by reading the sutra and faith in Buddhism. The fist piece (S. 622) of the three kinds of sutras was copied in 704 A. D. and the last S. 1185 was copied in 939 A. D. Most of them were copied during the 20th-30th years after Tibetans occupied the areas of Dunhuang. This fact was the reflection of the strong desires of the people to pray to Buddhism for happyness and was the impression of the thought of the Han nationality.