古代注(疰)病及禳解治疗考述

Something about "Zhu" Diseases and Treatment in Ancient Times

本世纪40年代以来,在敦煌地区的墓葬中,陆续出土了一些内容为禳解注(疰)病的镇墓文。对此,有人撰文进行了专题考述,认为据考古发现的解注文及非道教文献中有关注病的记载看,这类巫道解注活动,只是存在于东汉到两晋南北朝这一时期,尤盛行于两晋南北朝时期,唐以后的文献中,包括医学典籍中,再也见不到这类诸如尸注、鬼注等纯属迷信的注病记载了。此外,有关文章在谈到注病的命名、病因、流传地域及治疗等有关问题时,也有一些错误和疏漏。因此,全面地对古代注(疰)病的有关问题进行考述,对正确了解和认识敦煌出土的禳解注病的镇墓文以及深入地考察其与医学。

Zhu Bing'were the diseases unhnown their couse in ancient times, includyng infectious disease, endemic disease, parasitic disease and mental disease. Due to the low level of the science and technology at that time, the doctors of traditional Chinese medicine could not know the cause of diseases and treated them only by enploring of patients condition The therapeutic effect was much lower and even an entire family died of the diseade. Averting disease by Taoist pries′s prager was the important manner of the treatment then This paper researches on the prohlems of what was 'Zhu Bing' and how the Taoist priest prayed for aversion from 'Zhu Bing