美国外交的渊源

SUMMARIES OF ARTICLES Origin of the American Diplomacy

1775年4月,北美大陆十三个英属殖民地爆发了反对殖民统治的独立战争。为了争取战争的胜利,这一年的11月,殖民地大陆会议组建了“秘密通迅委员会”,负责对外事务,从而开始了美国外交的历史。但是,美国外交的某些思想和原则,可以说是渊源于漫长的殖民地时期。具体地说,美国的外交,渊源于在殖民地的土壤上滋生并发展的商业资本。由于商业资本的发展而带来的商业精神、扩张意识和孤立思想,直接制约和影响了美国外交政策的制订和外交活动的开展。

The basic ideas of the American diplomacy originated in the mercantile capital during the colonial period. The mercantile capital, as well as the commercial spirit, the expansionist sense and the isolationist idea which the mercantile capital had bestowed on the American Nation, stipulated directly the formulating of the American foreign policy activities. The mercantile in the New World came from of the mother country's mercantife system, therefore the commercial spirit, the expansionist sense and the isolationist idea were received by the Americans as the heritages of the British Empire. However, with the ever-inereasing conflicts between the colonies and their mother country since 1763, there heritages turned to the opposites to the British colonialism, and as a result, embodied the demand for independence, and finally became the starting point from which the diplomatic system of the United States has been shaped and evolved over two centuries.