对发展中国家人口爆炸的一些思考

SOME PERSPECTIVES ON POPULATION EXPLOSION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

发展中国家自本世纪中叶起爆发新的一轮人口爆炸浪潮,近年每年人口增加8000多万人。人口增加过快过猛,不能不给发展中国家带来许多经济和社会问题:经济发展缓慢,失业问题严重;人口流入城市,城乡矛盾激化;粮食供应紧张以及资源耗竭和生态失衡等。缓解人口增长过快的困难,应包括两方面:制订适合国情的经济和社会发展战略,以解决就业、粮食等问题;制订切实可行的计划生育政策,以减少人口规模和压力。

Since the mid-20th century,a new wave of population explosionhas hit developing countries.As a result,there has been an annual growth ofover 80 million in the last few years.Excessive population increases cannot but gi-ve rise to many socio-economic problems in these countries,such as slow econo-mic growth,serious unemployment,influx of rural population into urban areas,which sharpens contradictions between town and country,shortage of food supply,exhaustion of natural resources and ecological imbalance.To alleviate the problems brought about by fast population increases,it is im-perative to do the following:to map out a strategy for economic and social deve-lopment which is suitable to national conditions with a view to providing morejobs and increasing grain produetion;and formulate practical policies on familyplanning so as to curb population growth and the corresponding demographicpressures.