美国全球战略中的中东和海湾

The Middle East and Gulf in the US Global Strategy

1990年8月,伊拉克侵占科威特,美国接着大规模出兵海湾地区。1991年1月17日,以美国为首的多国部队开始大规模空袭伊拉克,海湾战争爆发。 美国进行海湾战争的战略意图是什么?这一点,从对第二次世界大战以来中东和海湾地区在美国全球战略中所占地位的简要历史考察中,可见一斑。

Since the second world war,the Middle East has always occupied an important position in the US global strategy. In accordance with the developmentsof situations in different periods as well as its fundemental strategic interests,the US has constantly adjusted its strategy and policy toward the Middle East. The initiation of 1990s saw the breaking up of the world pattern formed inthe post second world war period while a new world pattern is yet to take shape:the world has entered a transitional period with the new pattern to replace theold. What kind of new world order is to be established has become a focus ofresearch and contest of strength among various forces of the world. Americahas adopted military actions in the Gulf,not merely for the control of this oil-rich strategic point,but for even more far-reaching purposes, that is, to establishan US-led'new world order'through this war, so as to deal with the challengesit is now confronted with.