试论现代中东民族独立国家体系的形成

THE FORMATION OF CONTEMPORARY NATIONAL INDEPENDENT STATE SYSTEM IN THE MIDDLE EAST

第一次世界大战爆发前夕,列宁在《论民族自决权》一文中曾经指出:“资本主义使亚洲觉醒过来了,在那里到处激起了民族运动,这些运动的趋势就是要在亚洲建立民族国家。”①第一次世界大战结束后,亚洲民族国家迅速崛起,列宁的预言成为现实。

In the two decades from the end of World War One to the beginning of World War Two, two national, democratic movements brok out in the Middle East, forming two anti-imperialism/anti-feudalism waves and leading to the birth of a quite number of independent,national states. Along with the vigorous national liberation movement, contemporary national, independent state system has been gradually set up since World War Two. The formation of national,independent state system marked the collapse of imperial/colonial system in the Middle East. The new national democratic forces had taken the place of former rules, begun to play dominant role in the Middle East and also opened a bright way for the Middle East. Thereafter, there have co-existed three state systems,ie. socialist, nationalist and advanced capitalist ones. The newly arising Middle East national, independent states, as a developing country group, had become an important member of the interna- tional family and begun to play an important role in international politics and world economy.