跳马高难空翻动作获得最大翻转角速度和垂直速度的探讨——强制动踏跳和弱制动推手技术的启示

An investigation of Obtaining the Highest Turning Angular and Vertical Speed in Highly Difficult Salto in Hores Vault

本文以高级运动员为研究对象,应用运动生物力学研究方法和多元相关分析方法,从定量的角度分析了获得跳马翻转角速度的两个方面的技术矛盾,确定了决定翻转角速度的主要方面,以及确定了以这一技术方式获得最大的翻转角速度,与同时获得最大的垂直速度的技术要求是一致的。进而探讨了有利于获得较大的翻转角速度和较大的垂直速度的强制动踏跳与弱制动推手的跳马技术。经分析认为这种技术可能是完成跳马两周半空翻动作的有效技术。

The technical contradictions in obtaining turning angular speed in horse vault were quantitatively analyzed by way of multiple correlation, so as to examine the key factors in determining the speed. Elite gymnasts were taken as subjects. It is showed that with the technique of strong-breaking takeoff and weak-breaking puch, the technical requirement in obtaining the highest turning angular speed is consistent with that in obtaining the highest vertical speed. The strong-breaking takeoff and weak-breaking push technique which is benefit to higher turning angular and vertical speed was then discussed. It is considered that this can be taken as an efficient technique in completing the skill of two and half somersault.