试析语言强度指令与纵跳高度之间的关系

Relation Between Language Instructions of Intensity and Height in Vertical Jumps

在运动训练中,教练员常向运动员发出各种各样的运动强度的指令,对待这些强度指令,运动员是如何执行的?其反馈结果又如何?值得我们从理论上进一步探讨和研究。本文旨在运用运动生物力学和运动生理学的研究手法,通过观察和分析在不同的语言强度指令下地面支撑反作用力(GRF),跳跃高度(H)以及表面肌电图的积分(IEMG)等变化,对受试者在接受了口头相对强度指令后,完成运动强度指令时所产生的误差和腿部肌肉本体感觉器的反馈状况(FIELDBACK)进行分析,并运用肌肉调节过程中反馈机制的原理,探讨纵跳时肌肉运动调节能力(GRADING)的产生机制。为进一步充实和完善运动训练理论提供一些运动生物力学和运动生理学方面的参考数据。

The purpose of this study was that to determine the influence of language instruction intensities upon Ground Reaction Forces (GRF) and Integrated Electromyogram (IEMG) in vertical jumps. Seven male students with a mean age of 27. 1+1.6 years were used as subjects in this study. The mean values for height and weight of subjects were 173.±6.8cm and 67.3±6.6kg. A Kistler force platform and an amplifier were utilized to record GRE and IEMG. Surface electrodes monitored the muscles action potentials from Gostrocnemis, Vastus. Lateralis muscles. Simultaneously, subjects jumped on a force platform at language instruction intensities from 20% to 100%.Following results were obtained from this investigation. When language instruction intensity was 20～80 percent, the actual heights of jumps exceeded requirements of language instruction intensity; when language instruction of intensity was increased continuously, IEMG was increased. The value of IEMG at 100% intensity was twice as high as it was at 20% intety for gastrocnemis muscle and 1.5 times as high for vastus lateralis muscle.