划水板流体动力特征的风洞实验研究

Wind Tunnel Tests on Fluid Dynamic Characteristics of Paddles for Swimming Training

本文介绍了自行研制的三种划水板和国外两种划水板及其在风洞内进行的测力实验,以了解分析其不同的流体动力特征;对板面开孔与无孔吹风测力、板面有或无稳流板条及板条分布的测试结果,为新型划水板的设计提供了理论依据。研究发现,螺旋曲面扭转结构的自制板对运动员手掌最佳对水倾斜角有诱导修正作用,能帮助运动员建立良好的技术,提高“水感”,获得理想的划水效果。实验结果表明以上观点是可以肯定的。

The structural features of three types of home-designed paddles for swimming training and two types of imported ones, as well as their fluid dynamic characteristics as observed in wind tunnel tests, are discussed in this paper. Results in force measurements with paddles with and without holes and those with and without flow stabilizers provide the physical basis for the design of new types of paddles. It was also found that a proper twist of the paddle surface will help the swimmer adjust the palm angle to advantage, improve his/her 'feel'of water, develop better techniques and increase stroke efficiency. The above findings have been verified through experiments.