成功和失败对儿童分享行为的影响

THE EFFECTS OF SUCCESSFUL AND UNSUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCES ON CHILDREN'S SHARING BEHAVIOR

本实验通过成功和失败与应得奖品的程度双因素实验设计研究成败和应得奖励的明显程度对儿童分享行为的影响。结果表明:成败是影响儿童分享行为的一个重要因素;在应得奖励明显程度高的条件下,失败引起的分享行为水平高于成功引起的分享行为,而在应得奖励明显程度中和低的条件下,成败对儿童分享行为的影响不显著,但对城市五年级儿童的分享行为有显著的影响;城乡儿童的分享行为存在着显著差异。

In this experiment,the effects ofsuccess and failure on children's sharingbehavior are studied through a two-factordesign.The results show:success or failureis an important factor which affects chil-dren's sharing behavior;under high directsalicnce of deservingness,failure yieldsmore sharing than success.However,under medium direct salience and lowdirect salience,the effect of success orfailure on children's sharing behavioris not significant,but it is significant onurban fifth grade primary school pupils'sharing behavior;the difference betweensharing of urban and rural children issignificant.