谈谈《汉语词汇等级大纲》(试行)中的轻声词和儿化词

On Unstressed Words & r_Retroflexed Words in “Outline of Chinese Vocabulary Classes”

本文对《汉语词汇等级大纲》中的轻声词和儿化词作了统计和分析归纳。指出可以通过语言规范化,人为地对轻声儿化词加以限制和精减,使全民族共同使用的标准语和北京方言有严格区别,以利于对外汉语数学和普通话的推广。文章指出轻声儿化与语音、词汇、语法都有密切联系,建议在《语法等级大纲》的相应位置作适当说明,指出其规律性。建议将儿化词的口语和书面语形式统一起来。文章也指出了《词汇大纲》的一些疏漏之处,并提出了修改意见。

This essay is a statistical and inductive analysis over the unstressed words and“r”-retroflexed words as listed in the“Outline of Chinese Vocabulary Classes”.Theauthor's view is that an artificial language normalizational effort can impose some limitsand reduction on the amount of unstressed words and “r”retroflexed words,thus ren(?) dering a strict distinction of the national standard pronunciation from the Beijing dialect.This will be helpful to teaching Chinese to foreign learners and to popularizing puton-ghua.The essay also points out that light tone and“r”-retroflexion are closely relatedwith phonetics,vocabulary and grammar,and proposes that this should be made clearat cetain places in the“Outline of Grammar Classes”.It is also suggested that the oralform and written form of“r”retroflexion be unified.Oversights and omissions of theOCVC are also pointedout together with suggestions for improvement。