海南省吊罗山自然保护区水文条件与水资源

Hydrology Characteristic and Water resource Utilization of Diaoluo mountain nature preserve

吊罗山自然保护区位于海南省东南部,是海南省乃至全国保存有原始热带雨林的自然保护区之一。该区雨量充沛,年降雨量1870-2760mm。雨水流向较集中,南坡主要流入吊罗河、南喜河、大里河等河流,最后汇入陵水河,北坡则主要经乘坡河、牛路岭水库,流入万泉河。吊罗山热带雨林区是陵水河的主要发源地,也是万泉河的发源地之一,对调节该区及其周围的水量平衡、保障其社会和经济的发展具有重要的意义。由于该区地形复杂,河流落差大,雨水又比较集中,因而水能蕴藏量很大,水力资源丰富,现已建成水电站6座,每年总发电量为3243万kwh,水库1座,总库容为4500万m3。该区热量条件也十分丰富,总辐射量110kcal/cm2,年平均日照时数1676～2150h,占可照时数的38%-49%。全年暖热,年平均气温约24.4℃,最冷月份平均气温15.4℃,相对湿度月均80%～85%,多雨月份达90%以上。

Diaoluo mountain nature preserve is one of the nature preserves that still exist tropical wildwood of Hainan, even of china. It has abundant rainfall, and the annual is 1870 to 2760 mm. The south lope' s rainwater flows into Lingshui river finally, passing by Diaoluo river, Nanxi river and Dali river and so on. The north lope's rainwater flows into Wanquan river finally, passing by chengpo river, Ninluling reservoir. Diaoluo mountain tropical wildwood is the birthplace of Lingshui River, and it is one of the birthplace of Wanquan river too. It is very important for keeping balance of Diaoluo mountain and its surroundings and assuring society and economy development. Because of the complex topograpky, the high river drop and the concentrative rainwater, this area has 6 water power plant, with 32, 430, 000kwh electricity power each year, and 1 reservoirs, with the total capacity of 4500million m3. The caloric condition of this area is also very abundant . The radiation is 110 kcal/cm2, and the annual sunshine hour is 1676- 2150 hours, occupying 38 to 49 percent of available sunshine hour. Its average annual air temperature is 24.4℃, and the Minimum average month air temperature is 15.4℃. And the relative month humidity is 80 to 85 percent.