《歧路灯》结构助词“哩”的用法及其形成

Research on the Usage and Formation of "li" in Qiludeng

在以清代河南话为方言背景的《歧路灯》里,结构助词“哩”兼有“的”、“地”、“得”的用法;“哩”用同“的”时,又体现出跟后期近代汉语“的”相一致的演变特点。结构助词“哩”跟语气助词“哩”同形、音[li],它是“的”、“地”、“得”共同词音形式的方言变体。除河南方言外,在另外的一些现代方言里,也有结构助词[ti]→[1i]→系的音变现象,这类音变词用法、词音上的差异以及现代北京话“的”、“地”、“得”同音[ta]的形成历史与影响因素,都值得进一步调查研究。

Qiludeng is a novel in the vernacular of Henan dialect and was finished at the Qing Dy- nasty. In this hook, structural auxiliary word 'li' possesses all of the usages of 'de'(的),'de'(地) and 'de'(得). When it equals to 'de'(的),'li'shows the same developing characteristic with 'de' (的)in the later modern Chinese. The structural auxiliary 'li'and the modality particle 'li'have the same form and the same pronunciation [li]. 'li'is the dialect variant of 'de'(的), 'de'(地) and 'de' (得). Besides Henan dialect, in some other modern dialects, structural auxiliary words have the iden- tical phonetic change from [ti] to[li]. The differences of this phonetic changes and the forming process and the reason for 'de'(的), 'de'(地) and 'de'(得)with the same pronunciation [t(?)] in con- temporary Beijing dialect are extremely valuable for our research.