高原富氧室供氧方法研究

Study on oxygen-supply method for oxygen-enriched rooms at high altitude

目的 研究高原富氧室的供氧方法,为指导富氧室的建设和合理使用提供依据. 方法 根据飞行员宿舍和体能训练室氧气浓度变化规律,建立富氧室数学模型,并通过试验进行验证.8名志愿者乘飞机进入高原(海拔3780m),按数字表法将其分为供氧组和对照组,每组各4人.供氧组晚上22:00至次日8:00在富氧室休息(氧气浓度为24％～27％,连续供氧8 d),对照组22:00至次日22:00在普通宿舍休息(不供氧)；观察2组志愿者晨起心率和血氧饱和度差异. 结果 飞行员宿舍和体能训练室内实际测量的氧气浓度与数学模型计算结果呈正相关(r=0.986、0.998,P=0.000).供氧组晨起心率与对照组比较显著降低(F=13.067,P=0.011)；供氧组晨起血氧饱和度与对照组比较显著升高(F=102.885,P=0.000). 结论 建立O2浓度随时间变化的数学模型可指导高原富氧室建设.飞行员宿舍和体能训练室应采用不同的供氧方式.维持宿舍供氧生理等效高度3000 m以下.

Objective To investigate the method of oxygen-supply for oxygen-enriched rooms on plateau for the pilots and to provide evidences for conducting oxygen-enriched room construction and the proper application.Methods Mathematical models of oxygen-enriched rooms were created according to the oxygen concentration varying with time in pilot room and physical exercise training room,and were verified by tests.Eight volunteers entered 3780 m plateau on flight,and were averagely divided into control group and oxygen-supply group according to the number table.Four volunteers of oxygen-supply group lived in oxygen-enriched room during 22:00 to 8:00 next day (successive oxygen supplied with the concentration of 24％-27 ％ for 8 d) while 4 volunteers of control group exposed in natural oxygen environment of pilot room and physical exercise training room.Their data were monitored for 8 d.Heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation of the volunteers in 2 groups were observed.Results The measured oxygen concentrations in pilot room and physical exercise training room had positive correlation to those calculated by mathematical model (r=0.986,0.998,P=0.000).Heart rate of oxygen-supply group was significantly lower than that of control group (F=13.067,P=0.011).Arterial oxygen saturation of oxygen-supply group was significantly higher than that of control group (F =102.885,P =0.000).Conclusions Setting up the mathematical models with the variable of oxygen concentration would be helpful in building oxygen-enriched rooms at high altitude.Oxygen supply for pilot room and physical exercise training room should be in different ways.The physiological equivalent height is proposed lower than 3000 m concerning the oxygen supply in pilot room.