战后美国政治制度的演变

EVOLUTION OF THE AMERICAN POLITICAL SYSTEM SINCE THE WAR

美国是世界上实行“三权分立”和“相互制约、相互均衡”比较典型的资产阶级国家。美利坚合众国宪法第1条把立法权赋予由参议院与众议院组成的合众国国会,第2条把行政权授予合众国总统,第3条把司法权授予联邦最高法院及其下属各级法院。美国的国会、总统和最高法院各自经过独立的程序产生,立法。

Since the Second World War, the Presidency has become the dominant government branch; under judicial activism, the Supreme Court is playing an increasingly important role in dealing with the major problems of the country: Congress has been further democratized; and in contrast to the decline of political parties, interest groups have become an important part of the policy process. These are some of the most significant political developments since the war that are discussed in this paper.