八十年代美国外贸逆差剖析

BEHIND U.S. FOREIGN TRADE DEFICITS IN THE 1980s

对外贸易逆差的日益扩大,是当今美国经济中的一个十分突出的问题。尽管战后时期美国外贸逆差于1971年就已开始出现,并在1976年以后一直保持下来,但是,只是到了80年代才形成不断扩大的趋势。本文试图探索80年代美国外贸逆差急剧扩大的原因,分析各主要因素对美国外贸逆差的影响。

The relative decline of the competitiveness of U.S. manufac- turing industries is a minor reason for the increase of trade deficits. The major reasons are the high demand in the U.S. market and the market-expanding activities by foreign multi-national companies. High domestic demand is a result of high economic growth, private consumption and government deficits. The activities by the multi-national companies have made it possible for large amounts of capital and commodities to flow into the United States.