内蒙古朱开沟遗址

ZHUKAIGOU SITE IN NEI MONGGOL

朱开沟遗址在内蒙古自治区伊克昭盟,位于鄂尔多斯高原东部,北纬39°6′,东经110°3′,伊金霍洛旗纳林塔乡正北10公里的朱开沟村。朱开沟水自北向南流,至纳林塔入书会川,再南流进(牜孛)牛川、窟野河,后汇入黄河。遗址分布在沟壑纵横的朱开沟沟掌处。在东西长2公里,南北宽约1公里的范围内,断断续续均有遗迹分布(图一)。

The Zhukaigou Site discovered in 1974 in Ejin Horo Banner, Nei Monggol, was excavated four times from 1977 to 1984, yielding cultural remains of five stages from the late Longshan Culture through the Xia Dynasty (including its early, middle and late periods) up to the early, Shang Dynasty.The excavations show that the complex of the first stage is closely related to the Longshan Culture in western Henan, southern Shanxi and the central Shaanxi plain; that of the second stage represents a weakening relation with the contemporary cultures in the above regions, with a few relics bearing some elements resembling those of the Qiiia Culture; in the third stage, Qiiia elements are exhibited more strong; but in the fifth stage, cultural elements similar to those of the upper Erligang complex in the Central Plains constitute a certain proportion. However, the pottery types characteristic of the five stages, such as various forms of the flower-shaped edge li-tripod, snake pattern li, chequer pattern li with a single ear, contracted mouth yan-steamer, tri-legged urn, pot with knobs and jar, have their own sequences of development. Other things such as the shapes of the house-foundations and ashpits and especially the burial customs, all changing from stage to stage, also constitute a part of the characteristics of the Zhukaigou Site different from the contentporary complexes of other regions.Judging from what has been discovered up to the present, the remains similar to the Zhukaigou Site roughly cover northern Shaanxi and the district north of fcentral Shanxi, distributing to adjoining areas of Zhangjiakou in the east and not beyoud the Helan Mountains in the west.