关于英语词汇的分类关系

Taxonymy in the English Lexicon

在英语的庞大而复杂的词汇体系中,词与词之间存在着同义关系、反义关系、上下义关系、部分/整体关系、分类关系等多种意义关系。本文着重讨论分类关系的基本概念、特点、类型、及其跟上下义关系的联系。一、分类关系的基本概念根据事物的同和异把事物集合成类的过程叫作分类(classification),研究分类的科学叫作分类学(taxonomy)。

Taxonymy is the sence relationahip which exists within the taxonomic lexical hierarchies. Forinstance, 'apple' is a taxonym of the unique beginner 'fruit'. Most semanticists have tended toignore this sense relationship; a few have regarded it as a subcategory of hyponymy. This paperis a tentative attempt at establishing taxonymy as an independent sense relationship in the Englishlexicon. It is divided into four sections: (1) basic concepts concerning taxonymy, (2) characteristics oftaxonymy, (3) classification of taxonymy, (4) grounds for taxonymy to be an independent sense relationship.