推进经济体制改革的一种整体设想

A GENERAL CONCEPTION ON PUSHING THE REFORM OF ECONOMIC SET-UP

1986年底以来,在搞活企业、投资、金融、外贸、房租、政府机构等方面陆续采取了一些措施,来贯彻以企业承包经营为主线的改革思路。但是,这恐怕也会由于缺乏基础而难于达到要求。摆脱目前僵持局面的出路,在于在整体性考虑和系统性设计的指导下,加快同步配套改革,使新经济机制在较短的时期内能够作为一个体系发挥主导作用。整体性思路分两个互相衔接的步骤来推进改革:第一步是环境治理,短时间内把总需求继续膨胀的势头控制住,造成相对宽松的环境。第二步是在此基础上,走出决定性的一步进行以价格、税收、财政、金融为重点,投资、外汇、外贸等方面的体制改革和政策调整相配合,相应地抓好企业内部组织体系和宏观调节机构的建设,理顺基本经济关系。当然,这两个步骤在时间上不是截然分开的。在具体方案上,可在"充分治理环境,大步配套改革"和"中度治理环境,中步配置改革"之间进行选择。本文还着重就第一步改革阶段实施的基本内容作了说明,并对1984年底以来关于改革战略选择讨论中的几个有疑义的主要问题阐述了看法。

Since the end of 1986, measures have been adopted in vitalizing enterprises, and reforming investment, finance, foreign trade, housing rent, and government apparatus, so as to realize the reform programme with the axis affecting the contract management in enterprises. Unfortunately, the expected objectives in these aspects haven' t been accomplished, and probably will neither be in future, due to the lack of the foundations. The way out of the stalemate for us is to have an overall tentative plan and a systematical design as guidance, quicken the reform process with synchronized subordinations, and improve the economic mechanism as a leading factor within a possibly short time.The overall plan for the further reform may be divided into two linked steps. The first step is to turn the environment into a relatively loose one by controling the inflated inpetus of the total demand. The second step, based on the first, is a decisive one, focused on price, tax revenue, finance nad banking, for coordinating the restructures with the policy adjustment in investment, foreign exchange, and foreign trade, for building an interior organic system in enterprises and a macro-supervisory set-up, and for regulating the basic economic relations. Of course, the two steps are not completely didvided in terms of time. Here, the author offers his concepts on how to put the first step into practice.When planning concretely, we may decide either the policy of 'obtaining an environment fully renovated for ensuring a reform on a large scale' or the policy of 'obtaining an environment for ensuring a reform on a medium scale'.Faced with such a crucial stalemate, we should strive to leap over or turn the all-around stringent situation with systems old and new coexisting into a loose one in order to push the restructure smoothly. The central task put forward by the 13th National Congress of C. P. C. is to accelerate and deepen the reform. In his article the author expresses an overall tentative idea for making the task come true.In this article, the author elaborates upon his views involving the doubtful points evoked in the cotention of which reform strategy to adopt beginning from the winter of 1984.