地权客体论

On the Object of Land Ownership

在探讨地权客体时 ,不宜照搬拉伦茨教授的“三阶层客体理论”,对于物权客体属性的概括 ,不宜继续沿用传统的概括 ,坚持物权的客体一律具有特定性 ,也不宜彻底推翻传统的概括 ,把所有种类的物权作为审视的对象 ,重新抽象、概括出适应于一切物权客体的属性 ,而应当走类型化的路径。作为地权客体的土地 ,不同于自然科学和经济学上关于土地的概念 ,而是指以地籍块方式进行测量与标记的 ,并在土地登记簿中以“土地”进行登记的地表的一部分。它在我国等国家或地区的法律上不再包括水资源、矿产资源、文物等元素。

While probing into the object of land ownership, it is unsuitable to copy the three strata object theory of Professor Larenz indiscriminately. For the generalization of the real right object attribute, it is unsuitable to continue to use the traditional generalization, to insist that the object of real right all and singular has specific character;it is also unsuitable to overthrow the traditional generalization completely, regard all kinds of real right as surveying target to abstract and summarize out the attribute adapting all real right object again. We should take the type route. Land as the object of land ownership is different from the concept of natural science and economics about land, it is a part of the earth's surface which is measured and marked by land block mode, and booked as “land” in register book. In the law of our country and many other countries or areas, it no longer includes water resource, mineral resources, cultural relic, etc.