摘要
撒切尔夫人于今年6月11日举行的英国大选中获胜,再次蝉联英国首相,成为英国160年以来第一位三连任首相,也是当前西方政坛上执政时间最长的领导人。出现这一“奇迹”的原因何在?她将面临哪些困难?本文将就这两方面试作一些剖析。
election held in June this year, Mrs. Thatcher has become the only prime minister in three successive terms within 160 years in Britain. In this article the author analyses the main causes for her victory as well as the problems and difficulties she is going to face. There are four main causes: (1) Since 1973 the Western society has experienced two oil crises and two economic crises, and social democracy, has begun to decline, and the conservative trend of thought has regained its dominant position. The policies pursued by Mrs. Thatcher have just coincided with these currents. (2) Changes in economic structure of the Western developed countries, alongside those of their social structure, have weakened the social foundation of the Social Democratic Party and expanded that of the Conservative Party. (3) Since entering into office in 1979, Mrs. Thatcher has began to change the British image of 'the sick man of Europe' through her policies in economic reform, therefore obtained much support from the electorate. (4) She has also made outstanding achievements in foreign affairs. The author holds that Mrs. Thatcher will continue to implement her reform policy in her third term of office, but the way forward can't be smooth.
