论宏观控制和微观搞活

Macroscopic Control versus Microscopic Flexibility

本文认为,宏观控制是社会化大生产的需要。社会主义生产的社会化程度比较高,在某些方面比资本主义还要高,因此社会主义经济本质上就要求宏观控制。但是,社会主义经济正常运行需要宏观控制和微观搞活相统一。实质上这二者的关系就是正确处理计划和市场的关系。搞活微观经济要采取多种经营形式,但原则应该是“国家所有,集体经营”。作者认为,“国家所有,集体经营”的体制下,国家一般不再干预企业的内部事务。

Macroscopic control, according to the author of the present article, is needed insocialized large-scale productive activities. Socialist production, which is usually highlysocialized and sometimes even more socialized than its capitalist counterpart, has in it-self a more urgent need for such control. He further emphasized that the normal op-eration of socialist economy calls for the unity of the macroscopic and microscopiccontrol. The relation between the two is essentially a matter involving the correcthandling of the relation between planning and the market. A flexible economy requiresdiversified management, but collective management on the basis of state ownershipshould be held as the underlying principle. Such a system, concludes the author, usual-ly does not involve the state's inter-vention in the enterprise's internal affairs.