新疆昭苏土墩墓古人类学材料的研究

ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIALS FROM WUSUN TOMBS IN ZHAOSU, XINJIANG

前言在这个研究报告中记述的是一批从伊犁河流域中国境内一侧出土的人类学材料。这些材料是1961—1962和1976年,由新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆考古队的同志在靠近中苏边界的昭苏夏台、波马等地土墩墓的发掘中采集的。正式的考古发掘报告尚未发表,但据自治区考古学者从出土的陶、铁器制品,墓葬形制,墓葬分布的地理位置和碳十四年代测定判断,这些土墩墓可能与公元前后几个世纪占居伊犁河流域的乌孙的遗留有关(其中个别材料也可能与塞克有关)。

Thirteen skulls unearthed from Wusun tombs in Zhaosu region, Xinjiang, are described in this paper. Among them seven belong to males and six females. The date of these tombs, according to, C^(14), dating is about 5th-1st centry B. C..Based on the morphological observations and measurements of the skulls, eleven of them may belong to Europoids, of which ten are brachycephalic and only one mesocephalic. These skulls have some characters mixed from the Mongoloid. Europoid characters in the other two skulls are obscure, which may be due to mixture with the Mongoloid.A comparison with other Wusun skulls of Central Asia shows that there are more similarities between the patterns of the Wusun of Zhaosu and Central Asia, whereas obvious differences exist between Zhaosu Wusun and Pamir Saka. The Zhaosu Wusun and the other Wusun of Central Asi, are closer to the Pamir-Fergan anthropological pattern. The Pamir Saka are closer to the IndoAfghan pattern.