论西欧社会党群众基础的广泛性及其原因

On the Broad Mass Character of the West European Social Democratic Parties and the reasons

从整个西欧的情况来看,社会党已经成为一支最有影响的政治力量。在西欧的24个国家中,除摩纳哥、安道尔、列支敦土登、梵蒂冈4个小国外,其余20个国家目前共有社会党27个。大多数社会党是执政党或第一反对党。战后,西欧社会党为什么能得到如此广泛的群众支持?它们的实力和影响如何?本文试图作一探讨。一、西欧社会党群众基础的广泛性首先,从社会党在选举中的得票率来看:在西欧各国最近的一次选举中,有6个国家的社会党得到40%以上的选票。

Since the Second World War, the Social Democratic Parties have become the most influential political force in West European countries. Judging by their membership, performances while in office and votes gained at elections, they have enjoyed wide support of broad masses and their strength and influence have greatly expanded. Following are the objective reasons for them to win over broad masses—a. the rapid postwar growth of capitalist economy has provided favourable conditions for the development of social reformism. b. the structural change of classes has helped broaden their base of masses. c. objectively speaking, certain mistakes committed by the Communist parties in these countries are helpful for them to spread their influence. Now let us take a look at the subjective reasons for these parties to build up their broad base of masses. a. proper readjustment of political line. b. adoption of economic policies appropriate for actual conditions in these countries. c. big successes of the reformist social policy. d. pragmatic diplomatic policy.