法、美交叉投资的形成与发展

Formation and Development of Cross Investment Between France and USA

在很长一段时间里,欧美之间的直接投资基本保持着从美国到西欧这样一种单向流动的状态。但从七十年代中期开始,西欧加速了它们在美国的直接投资。交叉投资已成为欧美之间投资关系的一个重要特征。本文拟从法国和美国相互间直接投资的具体情况出发,从一个侧面说明上述变化。美国在法国的投资始于二十世纪初期,但增长缓慢。本来,法国是最大的殖民帝国之一,又是仅次于英国的最大资本输出国。

For a long time in the past, one direction flow of investment from USA to Western Europe was the basic form of direct investment between them. Things began to change since mid-1970s when West European countries stepped up their direct investment in USA. This article illustrates the abovementioned change from one angle by explaining how direct investment has been conducted between France and USA. The author maintains that the change concerning direct investment between them from one direction flow to reversible direction flow has undergone a long process. Against the backdrop of decline and rise of economic strength in the two countries, this change is the result of speeding concentration of French monopoly capital (in early 1970s, trans-national corporations began taking shape in France) and penetration of this capital into USA. It means how intense the contention for market is. between American monopoly capital and French monopoly capital. With protectionism so prevalent nowadays, the contention for cross investment between the two countries is bound to grow sharply. Both direct investment of USA into France and the other way round will steadily be on the increase.