用系统方法指导体育科研时值得注意的几个问题

Applying Systems Approaches to Sports Research

近年来,系统方法逐步引入体育科研,并对体育科研产生了从未想到过的重大影响,以至成了举足轻重的因素。我们想要更有效地用系统方法来指导体育科研,就必须注意到现代科学技术的发展,已到了很大程度上依靠“系统合成”技术来发明的阶段。针对我国各领域的科学技术相对落后的现状来说,体育科研应用“系统合成”技术有着极为重要的意义。此外,还应注意到,“一般系统论”、“耗散结构论”、“协同论”和“参量系统论”是在不同阶段,不同领域发展起来的系统论。它们有不同的适应,可解决不同的问题。因此,体育科研中应用系统论要研究它的不同适应和动态发展,只有这样,才有可能更好地指导体育科研。

In recent years, systems approaches have been adopted in sports research and produced hitherto unthought-of results. When we follow these approaches in our sports research, however, we must bear in mind that the advancement of modem science and technology depends to a large extent on what is known as'systematic sets,' which are of great significance to a country like China which is rather backward in science and technology. Equally important are the'Theory of general systems','Theory of dissipation structure','Synergetics' and'Parametric system theory'——all component parts of the systems theory which has been developed at different stages and in different fields of science and technology. Since these theories suit different purposes, only when sports researchers carefully study their suitability and development can they use the systems approaches to good advantage.