论甘地的非暴力主义

On Gandhian Non-violence

1985年冬,我国南亚学界聚会于南京,对甘地的非暴力主义发表不少见解。有的专家认为,这种斗争方式是符合印度国情的,甚至是印度当时争取民族独立的最佳手段。的确,在甘地生前,各国学者中也有不少人以为印度没有使用暴力便赢得了独立。这种看法是值得商榷的。一非暴力主义的内涵我们可以接受民族解放存在着两条不同性质的道路——暴力革命和和平改良道路的观点,但是甘地的非暴力主义决不等同于后一条道路。

Mr. Tang argues against the view that non-violence was suited to Indianconditions and hence was the best way of winning national independence.He thinks that non--violence as an ideology, when put into practice, did playa somewhat active role in the freedom struggle, but its role was rather li-mited and the practice could hardly prove successful. India's independencewas won not by non--violent means alone but by the combined use of vio-lence and non--violence.