摘要
一、目的儿童心目中的惩罚问题,是儿童道德发展研究者较早开始研究的课题之一。已有的资料表明,这一课题的早期研究者美国巴恩斯(E·Barnes,1894,1902)和夏伦伯格(M·Scnal-lenberger,1894),曾分别采用问卷法和间接故事法,研究7—16岁儿童对惩罚问题的看法。结果发现,在年幼儿童心目中,惩罚通常被认为是公正的。
More than three thousand childrenaged 7,9,11 or 13 from 15 districtsin China were interviewed to examinetheir responses to various types ofpunishments involved in two hypotheti-cal story-situations.The experimentincluded three parts:1,choosing thealternatives between expiatory andretributive punishments;2,giving sugges-tive punishments;3,choosing alternativesamong expiatory,retributive and reproa-ching punishments.The results reveal adevelopmental pattern of punitive valuseof Chinese children,i.e.,The retri-butive punishment decreases with age,the reproaching punishment increaseswith age,but the expiatory pnnishmentnever dominates over all age levels.
