3Bachman, L. F. Fundamental Considerations in Language Testing[ M ]. Oxford: Oxford University Press,1990.
4Bachman, L. F. , & Palmer, A. S. Language Testing in Practice[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
5Bond, T.G. , & C.M. Fox. Applying the Rasch Model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences ( 2nd. ) [ M ]. London : Lawrence Erlbaum, 2007.
6Cervantes, R. , & Gainer, G. The effects of syntactic simplification and repetition on listening comprehension [ J ]. TESOL Quarterly, 1992 (4) : 767 -770.
7Freedle, R. , & Kostin, I. Does the text matter in a multiple-choice test of comprehension? The case for the construct validity of TOEFL' s mini- talks[J]. Language Testing, 1999 ( 1 ) : 2-32.
8Rubin, D.L. , & Rafoth. Oral language criteria for selecting listenable materials : An update for reading teachers and specialists [ J ]. Reading Psychology,1986(3) : 137-151.
9Shohamy, E., & Inbar, O. Validation of listening comprehension tests: The effects of text and question type[J]. Language Testing,1991 (1): 23-40.
10Zwaan, R. Effect of Genre expectations on text comprehension [ J ]. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1994 (4) : 920-933.
