以进养出是我国发展对外贸易的一项战略性措施

Boosting Exports Through Imports: A Measure of Strategic Importance in Expanding China's Foreign Trade

一"以进养出"业务是我国在长期外贸实践中发展起来的一种灵活贸易做法.其基本内容概括起来就是"进料加工"、"进件装配"和"进口换购产品出口".具体做法有两种方式:一是国家通过计划进口原材料或零部件,经物资分配渠道拨交生产部门制造成品出口,如进口棉花、化纤,由纺织工业部门制造纺织品出口;另一种方式是,国家通过计划拨给外贸部门一笔专用外汇。

By boosting exports through imports, we refer to such forms as processing imported materials, assembling imported parts as well as exporting products replaced by our imports. The author illustrates with numerous facts the important position of these forms of operation and the good eco- nomic results they have brought about in our foreign trade. The return for every US dollar imput is estimated at about US $1.58, amounting to a foreign exchange earning rate of 58%. Given US$2.5 billicn as the whole spending on these forms of operation, more than 5 million jobs will be created each year. Processing one US dollar worth of imported materials will enable the factories and financial departments to get RMB 1.5 yuan in the form of profits and tax revenue. The foreign exchange income brought in by these forms of operation accounts for nearly 30% of total export earnings. In 1982, the export commodities provided by these forms of business made up about 40% of China's total foreign trade turnover.