世界纺织品贸易趋势及我国纺织品出口问题

Trends in World Textile Trade and China's Textile Exports

当前世界纺织品贸易的特点是第一、二世界在世界纺织品进出口贸易中所占比重最大,约占80％左右。但值得注意的是,近年来发达国家纺织品进口发展速度快于出口发展速度,而且有些国家的纺织品进出口逆差越来越大。第三世界国家和地区的纺织品出口发展很快。亚洲一些国家和地区的纺织品出口额逐年增加。今后的趋势是化学纤维发展速度和比重将进一步超过天然纤维。服装、针、棉织品等制成品出口快于原料和纱、线、匹头等半成品出口的发展速度。我国的纺织品出口从六十年代中期开始逐年增加,特别是粉碎“四人帮”后,由于纺织工业的发展和资源充足,我纺织品出口增长速度较快。但天然纤维织品多,化学纤维织品少;原料和半成品多,服装等成品较少;大路货、中低档货多,花色货中高档货少。为使我国纺织品出口有较大增长,必须改变纺织品生产和出口结构,增加花色品种,提高质量。在巩固棉纺织品出口的基础上,发展丝绸制品、化纤织物和针棉毛织品出口。

Imports of textiles by the developed countries in the past few years have grown faster than their exports, and textiles exports by Third World countries and regions have developed rapidly. The tendency is for the pace and proportion of synthetic fiber exports to exceed those of natural fibers, and exports of finished products such as garments, knitwear and cotton knitted goods to develop faster than those of raw materials and semi-finished products such as yarn, thread and piece goods.If China's textile exports are to register a fairly rapid growth, it is necessary to change the structure of textile manufactuirng and exports and to increase the variety and improve the quality of the products. While consolidating the export of cotton textiles, exports of silk textiles, knitwear, woolen goods and cotton knitted goods should be developed.