要使国际比较效益原则为我国国民经济发展战略服务

Make the Principle of International Comparative Advantage Serve the Development Strategy of Our National Economy

(一)国际比较经济效益是客观存在否定比较利益理论的同志列举李嘉图分析比较成本理论的许多假设和前提都是资本主义或市场经济性质的,从而认为这一理论是为资产阶级自由贸易服务的。仅此一点,似乎就足以予以排斥,不能“洋为中用”。这种推论显然不能成立。当然,要看到,160年前李嘉图提出比较成本理论,是有时代和阶级局限性的。问题是,应该研究在当今高度发展的世界贸易中,比较经济效益原则是否在起作用,运用什么样的外贸理论才有利于发展我国对外经济和四化建设。

The author holds that there exists objectively international comparative economic advantage, which provides the major foundation for bringing about and developing international trade. But there is no static and constant comparative advantage as such. The transfer of import and export comparative advantage among countries may lead to rearrangement of international division of labour. A truly independent country may choose and adopt the kind of international division of labour beneficial to its economy. While the principle of comparative advantage contradicts with that of protection of domestic economy, they coincide in their ultimate aim of strengthening the country's national economy. China, being a socialist country, must strive to coordinate in her foreign economic relations the application of the doctrine of comparative advantage with her political, diplomatic and national defence needs.