技术进步、技术效率与合作社生产率增长

Technical Progress,Technical Efficiency,and Productivity Growth of Farmer Cooperatives

运用Bootstrap-Malmquist指数方法,测算浙江省粮食和一般经济作物类、蔬菜水果类、畜禽水产养殖类等三类营销合作社的全要素生产率(TFP)增长及其分解指数,并探讨其背后的原因。结果显示:2004—2009年间,三类合作社年均TFP增长率分别为4.34%、1.95%和4.37%,且在5%水平上有意义;技术进步的提高速度呈加快趋势;技术效率表现出下降或增速减缓的趋势;2007年以来政府的扶持效果主要体现在技术进步上;不同产品类型合作社的TFP增长方式存在差异。政府的政策应以提高技术进步和促进落后合作社追赶先进合作社为核心。

Using the Bootstrap- Malmquist approach,this paper measures the total factor productivity grow th and decomposition indexes of Marketing Farmer's Specialized Cooperatives of grain and cash crops,vegetable and fruit,livestock,poultry and aquatic farming systems in Zhejiang province,and analyzes the source. The results show that the average of the annual grow th rate of TFP of the three types cooperatives are 4. 3%,2. 0% and 4. 4%,and it has significance at 5%. The technology progress indexes of the three types cooperatives are accelerating their upw ard paces w hile the technical efficiency indexes has the trend of falling or rising speed slow ing dow n. The effects of government policy have been reflecting technology progress since 2007. The grow th w ays of TFP varies significantly from one type cooperatives to another. The most important part of government policy is to improve technology progress and the great potential of catching up in technical efficiency by the lagging cooperatives.