柴油蒸汽云扩散及爆炸风险的实验研究

Experimental Study of Diesel Evaporation and Vapor Cloud Diffusion Concentration

在研发的液态烃类挥发及扩散实验平台上,检测了在密闭条件下,距液面上方0.4、0.8、1.2 m及1.6 m处柴油蒸汽云扩散变化规律,以及温度分别为30、60、90、120℃的柴油蒸汽云易爆敏感区的范围和达到爆炸限的时间。结果表明:在特定高度处,蒸汽云扩散稳定时蒸汽云体积分数与柴油温度之间呈对数关系;液面上方0.8 m左右为易爆敏感区,且蒸汽云体积分数达到爆炸限的时间与柴油温度呈指数关系;柴油温度增高,饱和蒸汽压及蒸汽云体积分数均增高。研究提供的液态烃类挥发及扩散实验平台,实现了对柴油泄漏后蒸汽云扩散分布、可爆炸蒸汽云生成的时间及范围的定量分析,实验结果可为柴油爆炸灾害的预警和控制提供指导。

In the developed experiment platform of liquid hydrocarbon volatilization and diffusion,the change rules of diesel oil steam cloud concentration were measured above the liquid level 0.4,0.8,1.2 m and 1.6 m,in confined conditions.Furthermore,sensitive area of the scope of explosion and the time of explosion limit of the diesel oil were detected under 30,60,90 ℃and 120 ℃,respectively.The results show that:at a particular height,the steam cloud density has logarithmic relation to diesel oil temperature.Steam cloud concentration in the 0.8 m firstly reaches the explosion limit,and time of forming the explosion limit concentration of steam cloud correlates with diesel oil temperature in index.Saturated vapor pressure and vapor cloud concentrations were elevated with the temperature increasing of diesel oil.This study provides a liquid pool volatile diffusion experiment platform which can quantitatively study the steam cloud diffusion concentration distribution after leakage,the time of forming explosion steam cloud and its range.The experimental results can provide guidance for early-warning and control of the explosion disaster.