聚焦人物心灵 展现内在真实——论《到灯塔去》中的不定式聚焦和多重聚焦

Focalizing Characters’ Mind,Revealing Internal Reality——Analysis of Variable Focalization and Multiple Focalization in To the Lighthouse

作为叙事理论的核心概念之一,叙述聚焦在20世纪引起学者的广泛关注并迅速发展,其中全知全能的零聚焦视角一直处于统领地位。现代作家为追求形式上的创新,开始打破传统零聚焦的叙事模式,采用内聚焦或多种聚焦交织的形式。作为当代小说形式的创新大师,意识流小说作家伍尔夫在其最为成熟的小说《到灯塔去》中交叉使用不定式聚焦和多重聚焦,两者相辅相成推进叙述进程,剖析人物内心世界,展现人物复杂、丰富的性格。

As one of the key concepts in narrative theory,focalization aroused a large amount of scholars’ concern in the 20th century,in which zero-focalization is the most popular.To acquire the formal innovation,modern novelists discard the traditional narrative style and adopt variable focalization and multiple focalization.Woolf,as an innovator in modern literature,uses variable focalization and multiple focalization alternately in her mature novel To the Lighthouse to depict narrative progression,analyzes the characters’inner world,and shows their colorful personality.