《庄子·寓言》“巵”及“巵言”考

On the Textual Research of "Zhi"( 巵) and "Zhi Yan"( 巵言) in Zhuangzi

"巵言"既是《庄子》思想内容的重要组成部分,又是《庄子》言说方式的重要表现手法。在《庄子·寓言》中,"巵言"之义多由"巵"之义引申而来。历代关于"巵言"义的解说可归结为两个方面:因"巵"声求"巵言"义;由"巵"义得"巵言"义。其中有确切结论,也有附会之说。经考释可知:"巵言"义应由"巵"的"圆(酒)器"及"欹器"之义综合引申而得。

'Zhi Yan'( 巵言) is not only an important component part of the ideological content of Zhuangzi,but also an important performance of its means of expression. Throughout the ages,the explanation of the significance of ' Zhi Yan'( 巵言) can be summed up in two aspects: the meaning of ' Zhi Yan'( 巵言) is derived by the ground of ' Zhi'( 巵),or by the significance of ' Zhi'( 巵). Some of them are the exact conclusions,and some are far- fetched ideas. Through textual research,it can be concluded that the meaning of' Zhi Yan'( 巵言) should be derived by the two meanings of ' Zhi'( 巵),that is,by the meaning of 'drinking vessel' and ' Cilindrical'.