民勤防沙治沙新技术和新材料试验研究

New Technology and Material Experiment Research of Preventing and Controlling Sand in Minqin

通过固沙植物材料选育和新型机械沙障的研制开展民勤防沙治沙新技术、新材料研究,结果表明:①民勤梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)种源种子质量好,育苗造林成活率高,生长良好,苗木耐盐性较强,可作为民勤沙区固沙造林首选的种源梭梭材料;②固沙小灌木沙蒿(Artemisia arenaria)种子萌发期抗旱性较强,沙土出苗率最高,是沙区飞播造林较为理想的固沙伴生植物新材料;③研发的棉杆沙障具有良好的防风固沙效果,且沙障就地取材、无污染,设置形式灵活多样,可根据需要制成不同结构和规格的沙障进行设置。因此,棉杆沙障以其独有的特性成为干旱区工程治沙措施的有力补充。

Through the selection of sand-fixation plants and the research of a new type mechanical sand-barrier,new material and technology of sand preventing and controlling were developed.It showed that: Haloxylon Ammodendron could be the first choice to fix sand in Minqin,as the seeds of Minqin’s H.ammodendron had a good quality with high survival rate,growing well,and a strong salt resistance;Artemisia arenaria was selected as small shrubs of sand-fixation,since the seeds had a strong drought resistance,the highest germination rate from sand,it was the effective material of sand-fixation for air sowing in desert area;The cotton stalk sand barrier provided a good effectiveness of wind prevention and sand-fixation.The sand barrier could be obtained in local area,with no pollution,and flexible type.It could be made different structure and qualification sand barrier according to requirements.Therefore,the cotton stalk sand barrier is powerful as the supplements for desert control project in arid area.