油菜秸秆纤维素降解菌的筛选及复合菌剂的降解特性

Screening of Rape Straw-Degradation Microorganisms and the Degrading Features

从土壤、腐烂的木桩和成品肥料中筛选高效降解油菜秸秆纤维素的菌株,并通过正交试验对菌种进行复配组合,筛选出一组高效降解油菜秸秆的复合菌剂,其羧甲基纤维素(CMC)酶活性为12 704.3U/g,滤纸(FP)酶活性为1 227.7 U/g,秸秆失重率为25.65%,初步鉴定该菌剂组成为地衣芽孢杆菌B4、链霉菌A8、米根霉M3和木霉X1。采用此复合菌剂以油菜秸秆粉为降解原料进行14 d的发酵,纤维素降解率为33.10%,半纤维素降解率为23.70%,相比于不加菌剂的对照组,自制菌剂的纤维素、半纤维素降解率分别提高了24.50%和15.60%。

The rape straw-degradation microorganisms were screened from soil,rotting wood and finished fertilizers.Then the best combination system of strains was screened using the antagonistic and orthogonal tests.The activities of carboxymethylcellulase and filter paper enzyme,and the straw degradation of this strain system were 12 704.3 U / g,1 227.7 U / g,and 25.65% respectively.This strain system was preliminary identified to be comprised of Bacillus licheniformis B4,Streptomyces A3,Rhizopus oryzae M3 and Penicillium X1.After fermenting of rape straw with the strain system for 14 days,the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 33.10% and 23.70% respectively,which increased by 24.50% and 15.60% respectively compared with the treatment without adding microorganism.