不同生育期盐碱胁迫对玉米子粒品质的影响

Effect of Saline-Alkali Stress on the Quality of Maize Grain at Different Growth Stages

研究不同生育期盐碱胁迫对玉米产量和品质的影响,为指导盐碱化地区的农业生产提供理论参考依据。以两种基因型玉米德美亚1号(耐盐碱型)和长丰1号(盐碱敏感型)为试验材料,采用盆栽法,分别在苗期、拔节期、抽雄期、灌浆期4个时期对玉米进行中性盐(NaCl和Na2SO4)与碱性盐(NaHCO3和Na2CO3)胁迫处理,于成熟期采样分别测定子粒中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总淀粉的含量。结果表明,两玉米品种拔节期进行NaCl处理的可溶性蛋白含量达到最大值,并且,不同生育期进行的盐碱胁迫处理使得子粒中可溶性蛋白的含量均高于对照组;苗期进行NaHCO3处理的可溶糖含量达到最大值;抽雄期进行Na2CO3处理的总淀粉含量达到最大值;玉米在不同生育期对不同盐碱胁迫的敏感程度不同,从而影响着玉米子粒的各项生理指标的变化。

The effect of saline-alkali stress on the yield and quality of maize at different growth stages was studied to provide the oretical reference guiding agricultural production in salinization area. Taking two maize genotypes, De mei ya 1(salinealkali tolerant type) and Changfeng 1(saline-alkali sensitive type), as the test materials, and different saline-alkali stress treatments, neutral salt(NaCl and Na2SO4) and alkaline salt(NaHCO3and Na2CO3), were set to detect the content of soluable protein, soluable sugar and total starch in grain at different growth stages of seedling stage, jointing stage, tasseling stage and pustulation period using the pot culture method. The determination results showed that saline-alkali stress could increase the soluble protein content of maize grain, especially treated by NaCl at elongation stage. The soluble sugar content in grain of maize treated by NaHCO3at seedling stage was the highest, the highest total starch content was found in maize treated by Na2CO3at tasseling stage. Maize had different sensitive degree to the different salinity-alkalinity stresses at different growth period, which affected the change of various physiological indexes.