不同时期施肥对树莓种植土壤养分的影响

Effect of Different Period Fertilization on Soil Nutrients for Raspberry Planting

研究了不同时期N、P、K不同配比施用对树莓(Rubus corchorifolius)种植土壤养分的影响。结果表明,施肥可以明显改善树莓种植土壤的全氮、有效磷、有效钾和有机质的含量,可以影响土壤的酸碱度。其中氮肥、磷肥、钾肥施用量分别为60、45、75 kg/hm2在树莓生长初期可明显增加土壤全氮、有效磷、有效钾和有机质的含量及土壤pH,在中期、成熟期可明显增加土壤全氮和有效钾的含量;氮肥、磷肥、钾肥施用量分别为40、45、50 kg/hm2在树莓生长中期可明显增加土壤有效磷和有机质含量,在成熟期可明显增加土壤有效磷含量;氮肥、磷肥、钾肥施用量分别为40、30、75 kg/hm2在成熟期可明显增加土壤有机质含量;氮肥、磷肥、钾肥施用量分别为25、19、50 kg/hm2在初期和成熟期可明显降低土壤pH,在中期可明显提高土壤pH。肥料对树莓种植土壤养分的贡献从大到小为磷肥、氮肥、钾肥。

The experiment was carried out to study the effect of different period fertilization on soil nutrients for raspberry planting with the N,P,K different ratio.The results showed that fertilization could obviously improve the total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,organic matters content of raspberry planting soil,and affect the soil pH.When the dosage of nitrogen,phosphate,potash fertilizer was 60,45,75 kg / hm2respectively,soil nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matters content effectively could be obviously increased,and soil pH in the early growth of raspberry,the total nitrogen and available potassium in the medium and mature period as well.When the dosage of nitrogen,phosphate,potash fertilizer was 40,45,50 kg / hm2respectively,available phosphorus and organic matters content in the mediun period,and available phosphorus in the mature period could all be increased significantly.When the dosage of nitrogen,phosphate,potash fertilizer was 40,30,75 kg / hm2respectively,organic matter content in the mature period grow.When the dosage of nitrogen,phosphate,potash fertilizer was 25,19,50 kg / hm2respectively,soil pH in the early and mature period decreased considerably and soil pH in the medium period increased greatly.Contribution of different fertilizer to the raspberry planting soil nutrients was phosphatic fertilizer>nitrogenous fertilizer>potash fertilizer.