不同氮钾比对茶陵烤烟产质量的影响

Effects of Different Ratios of Nitrogen to Potassium on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Chaling

考察了不同氮钾比对茶陵烟区烤烟生长及产质量的影响。结果表明:不同施氮量对烤烟团棵期、旺长期、现蕾期和打顶期的影响较小,而对成熟期的影响较大;随着施氮量的增加,各部位烟叶成熟期推迟,大田生育期延长;而施钾量对烤烟成熟期影响不大。在一定范围内,烟株综合农艺性状随施氮量和施钾量的增加而变优。在一定范围内随着施氮量的增加,烟叶产量、产值、上等烟比例和均价呈增加趋势,其中以N3和K2水平最优。随施氮水平增加,烟叶的总氮和烟碱含量呈增加趋势;随着施钾水平增加,烟叶的氯和钾含量呈增加趋势。

Effects of different ratios of nitrogen to potassium on growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Chaling area were studied.The results showed that different nitrogen fertilizer rates had less influences on flue-cured tobacco in rosette stage,vigorous growth stage,budding stage and topping stage,but had large influences on flue-cured tobacco in mature period.With the nitrogen fertilizer rate increasing,the mature period of tobacco leaves at each position prolonged,and the field growth period extended;but the potassium fertilizer rate had a little influence on mature period of tobacco.Within a certain range,the comprehensive agronomic traits of tobacco plant became better with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate and potassium fertilizer rate;yield,output value,high-quality tobacco ratio and average price of tobacco leaves showed an increasing trend with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate,among all of the treatments,the N3 and the K2 had the best effect;the content of total nitrogen and nicotine in tobacco leaves also showed an increasing tread with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate;content of chlorine and potassium in tobacco leaves showed an increasing trend with increasing potassium levels.