矿区废弃地不同植被模式生态稳定性评价

Ecosystem stability evaluation of different vegetation modes in mining wasteland

以阜新煤矿废弃地为例,采用专家评价系统确定植被生长因子、植被改良土壤因子和植被滞尘能力因子作为生态稳定性评价指标,建立生态稳定性评价体系,并对矿区废弃地不同植被模式的生态功能稳定性进行评价,确定出矿区生态重建最优植被模式.研究表明,生态稳定性与植被覆盖度密切相关,植被覆盖度越高,其生态稳定性越好.在矿区生态重建中,人工林地模式和人工覆土改良模式比自然恢复模式生态稳定性要好,多样性混植模式的生态稳定性好于单一模式.不同植被模式的生态稳定性排序为:刺槐和白榆混交林-草>火炬林-草>刺槐林-草>紫穗槐林-草>白榆林-草>天然草地.

A case study of coal-mining wasteland in Fuxin,adopting the method of experts evaluation system,this study determined significant indicators of vegetation growth factors,soil improvement factors and vegetation dust-detaining volume factors to build ecosystem stability evaluation index system.Based on the evaluation,this study determined the best vegetation mode of ecological reconstruction in mining wasteland.The results show that ecosystem stability in mine is closely related with vegetation coverage.The larger the vegetation coverage,the better the ecosystem stability.The ecosystem stability of managed woodland mode and artificial cover-soil mode is better than natural recovery.Diversity of mixed planting mode is better than single mode.The ecosystem stability of different vegetation modes is: mixed forest-grass>torch forest-grass>locust forest-grass>various forest-grass>white elm forest-grass>grassland.