“感性与知性的共同根”之辨——《纯粹理性批判》导言的一个微观考察

An Inspection of "the Common Root of Sensibility and Understanding"——A Micro-research of the " Introduction" to Critique of Pure Reason

康德在《纯粹理性批判》导言中曾经提出了“感性与知性的共同根”这一重要问题,但长期被忽视。实际上,感性和知性的共同根并非如康德所言“不为我们所知”,而是清楚明白地存在于我们心中,它就是先验想象力。先验想象力和生产性想象力、纯粹想象力是同一的,但与再生性想象力和先验统觉有显著区别,因为先验想象力是纯粹的自发性,不仅是感性接受性的自发性的根,而且是知性自发性的根,它在康德知识论中,甚至在他的整个哲学中都具有奠基性作用。

In his ' Introduction' to Critique of Pure Reason, Kant put forth the important proposition'the common root of sensibility and understanding' , which has yet been neglected. The common root of sensibility and understanding is not' to us unknown 'as Kant claimed , but is self-evident in us. It is nothing but transcendental imagination, which is identical with productive imagination and pure imagination, but distinctively different from reproductive imagination and transcendental apperception. Transcendental imagination is of pure spontaneity, which is a root of the spontaneity not only in receptive sensibility, but also in understanding. Therefore, it plays a fundamental role in Kantian epistemology, and even in his whole system of philosophy.